The treasures of Kardzhali – History, culture and nature gathered in the heart of the Rhodopes
Kardzhali is a city rich in culture, history, and natural beauties that attract visitors from all corners of the country. Located in the heart of the Rhodopes, it is home to some of the most impressive landmarks in Bulgaria – from the ancient Perperikon and the Regional Historical Museum to the unique Astronomical Observatory and the green “Prostor” park. Each of these sites tells a story that takes us through millennia, revealing the secrets of ancient civilizations and the rich cultural heritage of the region. This article will take you on an exciting journey through the treasures of Kardzhali that you should not miss.
Следва:
- Monastery “Sveti Yoan Predtecha”а“
- Art Gallery “Stanka Dimitrova”
- Astronomical Observatory and Planetarium “Slavey Zlatev”„
- Archaeological Complex “Perperikon”
- Regional Historical Museum, Kardzhali
Monastery “Sveti Yoan Predtecha”
On the southern bank of the Arda River, in the Veselechane quarter of Kardzhali, lies the
medieval monastery of St. John the Baptist. It opened its doors in 2000, after several decades
of excavation. In the 1930s, local archaeologists first stumbled upon the remains of the
monastery, and later in 1962, during construction activities, more parts of the complex were
uncovered. Official archaeological excavations began only in the 1980s.
The discoveries revealed that these were the structures of an extensive monastic complex,
surrounded by fortress walls. At the heart of the complex are the walls of a church, adorned
with exceptional frescoes, some of which reach sizes of up to 3.5 meters in certain sections.
Archaeologists suggest that this was an episcopal monastery established in the 13th century.
Art Gallery “Stanka Dimitrova”
In one of the oldest and most beautiful buildings in Kardzhali, an architectural and cultural monument of local significance, treasures of Bulgarian fine art are preserved. The gallery features valuable works by great Bulgarian classical artists as well as contemporary Bulgarian authors.
The beautiful art gallery in the town of Kardzhali is named “Stanka Dimitrova,” after one of the notable female artists of the last century. She herself joined the art department of the District Historical Museum in the city in 1967, turning the department into what was then the District Gallery, where she became curator and director.
The Art Department “Stanka Dimitrova” in the town of Kardzhali was founded in 1960, together with the city museum, and opened in 1961 as a branch of the National Art Gallery. In 1967, it became an independent institution and a leading cultural institute in Southern Bulgaria.
The gallery is housed in an old administrative building, declared a cultural monument, which was
built in the mid-19th century as a Turkish konak (government office). In the early 20th century, it
served the army, police, and state administration. Parts of the structure remain preserved in their
authentic form to this day.
The “Stanka Dimitrova” Gallery is the third richest art gallery in the country, with a collection of over 3,200 works of visual art from various periods of Bulgarian culture – paintings, graphics, sculptures, icons, and Renaissance prints. The gallery is spread over three levels, with three distinct thematic exhibitions.
Astronomical Observatory and Planetarium “Slavey Zlatev”
The Astronomical Observatory in the town of Kardzhali is one of the most interesting and exciting places to visit in the city. It was established by a decision of the District People’s Council on September 28, 1966, and in October 1978 the observatory received a new building in “Prostor” park, one of the most beautiful and green parks in the city. Since 1998, it has borne the name of its founder, Slavey Zlatev, born on November 4, 1946, in Kardzhali, a graduate of the Faculty of Physics at Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski,” founder of the Kardzhali branch of the Union of Scientists in Bulgaria and a member of the European Astronomical Society. He is the scientific leader of an international project for the development of space instruments, having participated in the space projects “Shipka,” “Lima-D-R,” and “Phobos,” and is one of the pioneers of archaeoastronomy in Bulgaria.
The observatory is open to visitors almost all day long. During a visit
during the day, physicists-astronomers could offer observation of the
sun with a telescope, and during a visit in the evening, on a clear sky,
there is an opportunity to observe the stars, constellations and planets,
objects from the Solar System, as well as the movements of various
Visitors can observe celestial objects through various telescopes – both stationary and mobile, as well as immerse themselves in the world of space through popular science films and lectures. In 2024, the observatory opened the third largest planetarium in Bulgaria, located under a 7-meter dome, offering a unique audiovisual experience. The observatory organizes regular sessions and demonstrations, encouraging young people’s interest in astronomy.
Archaeological Complex “Perperikon”
Perperikon, located 18 km from Kardzhali, is the largest megalithic monument in Bulgaria and an important archaeological complex. The rocky peak on which it rises attracted ancient people with its natural resources, water, and fertile soil. The complex dates back to the end of the 5th millennium BC, when offerings were made to the gods, and during the 2nd millennium BC it became a site for new cult practices.
Over the centuries, it developed into a grand cult complex with dozens of rock chambers, a fortified palace-sanctuary, and a fortress on the summit (acropolis). According to Herodotus and Suetonius, it housed the sanctuary of Dionysus, known for its oracles. During the Middle Ages, Perperikon flourished as a Christian center and episcopate with majestic churches, remaining important until the 14th century, when the Ottomans captured and burned it. Today, Perperikon reveals a millennia-old history preserved in its stone ruins.
Regional Historical Museum, Kardzhali
The Regional Historical Museum in Kardzhali was established in 1965 and is one of the most significant cultural centers in the Eastern Rhodope Mountains. It preserves over 40,000 cultural valuables that reveal the rich history and unique nature of the region – from ancient times to the beginning of the 20th century. The museum has three main departments: “Archaeology,” “Ethnography,” and “Nature,” each offering a different perspective on the life, customs, and natural characteristics of the region.
The building housing the museum is an architectural masterpiece, originally built in 1930 as a Muslim religious school, later transformed into a museum. The impressive building is surrounded by a park covering 15 decares, where over 30 plant species can be found, some unique to Southern Bulgaria. The beauty of the park, complemented by small water ponds, creates a peaceful and pleasant atmosphere for walking and relaxation.
The museum’s exhibitions are located in 30 halls across three floors, where every visitor can discover something exciting. The Archaeological Department tells the story of the ancient Thracians, Romans, and Byzantines who inhabited the region, while the Ethnographic Exhibition presents the life, customs, and crafts of the local population throughout different eras. The Nature section of the museum reveals the unique flora and fauna of the region, making the visit not only cultural but also educational. In 2005, the museum building was declared an architectural monument of national significance, emphasizing its cultural and historical importance. For tourists visiting Kardzhali, this museum is a must-see stop that combines history and nature in one unforgettable experience, transporting visitors through the centuries to the heart of the Rhodopes. In 2005, the museum building was declared an architectural monument of national significance, emphasizing its cultural and historical importance. For tourists visiting Kardzhali, this museum is a must-see stop that combines history and nature in one unforgettable experience, transporting visitors through the centuries to the heart of the Rhodopes.
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